Avoid plagiarism by learning the basics about academic integrity and citation.
The following formats are recommended by APA, MLA, IEEE and other citation styles; however, you should format your citations according to your professor’s guidelines.
The following format is recommended by APA guidelines; however, you should always format your papers according to your professor’s guidelines.
Below are a few of the videos created by Humber College libraries explaining how to reference different types of resources in APA format. See all videos in the playlist here
Can I use generative AI in my assignment?
Do I need to cite content generated by artificial intelligence?
What if I use AI to come up with ideas or an outline for my assignment?
Are there risks to using AI content as a source?
Note: AI-generated content may not be considered as an acceptable source for your course work. Be sure to evaluate the content carefully and check with your instructor if you are permitted to use it as a source. If you're using ChatGPT and other AI tools for coursework, include a description of how you used AI within your work. For example, you can describe in your introduction how you used ChatGPT to generate an outline for your presentation. When citing AI-generated text, remember to include both in-text and references list citations. For more information, see APA Style's How to cite ChatGPT.
Developer. (Version Year). Name of generative AI tool (Version number) [Type of AI Model]. URL of tool
Example: OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 23 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com
Remember to include the prompt you used whenever you quote or paraphrase text generated by an AI tool. Since your reader can't access the exact AI-generated text, you may also consider including a copy of the text as an appendix or as part of supplemental materials. If you are including a copy of the generated text, you may refer to it in the body of your text, or as part of the in-text citation such as in the example below.
Example:
Given the prompt "What are large language models?" the text generated by ChatGPT described them as "artificial intelligence systems that have been trained on vast amounts of text data, with the goal of understanding natural language and generating human-like responses to text-based inputs" (OpenAI, 2023).
When provided with a follow up prompt of "What are examples of large language models?" ChatGPT identified OpenAI's GPT-3, NVIDIA's Megatron, and Google's LaMDA as some of the examples of large language models (OpenAI, 2023; see Appendix A for the full transcript).
Note: AI-generated content may not be considered as an acceptable source for your course work. Be sure to evaluate the content carefully and check with your instructor if you are permitted to use it as a source. The following citation examples are Seneca Libraries' recommendations.
If you are inserting the AI-generated image in your coursework, start with a figure number followed by an image title. Beneath the image, include a note with details about the prompt and the source. Remember to include the full citation in your References List.
Developer's Name. (Version Year). Name of AI tool (Version number) [Type of AI model]. URL of tool
Example: OpenAI. (2023). DALL-E (Version 2) [Large language model]. https://labs.openai.com
Notes: This citation guide is based on the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). The contents are accurate to the best of our knowledge. Some examples illustrate Seneca Libraries' recommendations and are marked as modifications of the official APA guidelines.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. It is used/adapted with the permission of Seneca Libraries. For information please contact citation@senecacollege.ca. When copying this guide, please retain this box.
Reference List Citation |
Format: Last name, First initial., Nation/Community. Treaty Territory if applicable. Where they live if applicable. Topic/subject of communication if applicable. Personal communication. Month Date, Year. Example: Cardinal, D., Goodfish Lake Cree Nation. Treaty 6. Lives in Edmonton. Oral teaching. Personal communication. April 4, 2004. |
In-Text Citation |
For a quotation or paraphrase:
|
Note: This template should be used when citing oral communication with Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers. If you are citing material authored by an Indigenous person, please follow the appropriate citation template for citing the source. For example, follow the citation template for a book when citing a novel written by an Indigenous author.
Citation & Research Hub was created by Seneca Libraries, Conestoga Library, and Humber Libraries and is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA.
For spelling reference, IEEE uses The Merriam-Webster Dictionary. For guidance on grammar and source styles not included in the IEEE Editorial Style Manual, consult The Chicago Manual of Style, published by the University of Chicago Press.
The following format is recommended by APA guidelines; however, you should always format your papers according to your professor’s guidelines.
Review the APA 6th Ed. playlist created by Humber College libraries explaining how to reference different types of resources in APA format.
The Literature Review is a comprehensive scan of previously published research on a specific topic. Authors use the literature review to provide readers with a current understanding of the topic, and identify existing research gaps. Literature reviews usually investigate peer reviewed literature as these research papers have undergone a thorough review for quality before being selected for publication.
The modules below cover how to use APA 7 to format your papers and cite your sources. Check with your professors to see which edition of APA they want you to use.
Module 1: Plagiarism Activity Transcript Module 2: Introduction to APA Papers Activity Transcript Module 3: Incorporating Sources Activity Transcript Module 4: General Format Activity Transcript Module 5: Creating an APA Reference Page Activity TranscriptCoaching is a free service where you can get help in the fundamentals of subjects such as math, English, and more from knowledgeable coaches. Some subjects offer coaching by appointment, while coaching in other subjects is offered on a drop-in basis. Click on a subject below to view the schedule or register for a session.
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